Closed Captioning (CC) has benefited the deaf and hard of hearing community tremendously. I remember my early childhood when my family didn't have closed captioning on our television set. I had to ask my parents or siblings what was being said. Or I just left it to my imagination on what was being said which surprisingly worked quite well for me. You can do a lot with your imagination when you aren't given a lot of choices. When I was around 5 or 6, my mother was told of a device that enables the TV to display closed captioning. So she and my grandmother drove to the U.S.A. and bought the device as it was cheaper there at the time. I was told about the device but I didn't fully understand the concept because it was new to me. I already had begun to learn how to read and write before that. The day I came home from school, I saw a black box on the top of the television set and then looked at the screen. I was speechless and excited; I finally understood everything that was being said on the television. This was before they started requiring analog television sets to be sold with the CC decoder device built in.
I don't take the amazing technology for granted because it has done a lot for me. Even the hearing folks are benefiting from watching television programs with closed captioning turned on. It's amazing how much a hearing person can miss out by just listening, a lot of hearing people find themselves startled at first to learn how much they've been missing by not reading the captions. Not a lot of people know this, but it's a fact and has been proven in some studies. The largest audience in North America is the hearing people learning English as a second language. I bet you didn't know that one, eh?
Nowadays, quite a few things have changed. We didn't have high definition television sets when I was a kid. Nor did we have the DVD format. They developed the captioning technology for the analog (NTSC - National Television System Committee) televisions and VHS tapes. They designed it to encode the captions into line 21 of the vertical blanking interval of the picture on the television. This is where the issue for the HDTV (High Definition Television) comes in. Quite a lot of HDTV sets lack captioning when you use the video inputs that use either DVI (Digital Video Interface) or HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface). The same issue is common with component inputs. Analog and digital televisions are interlaced while HDTV can be both interlaced and progressive. When you enable the progressive mode on a HDTV, it often cannot display the captions. This is common with progressive DVD players when they are in the progressive mode. From what I know, there are no laws requiring HDTV displays to be equipped with it.
The last couple years, the major studios coined a new term called, 'SDH'. It stands for 'Subtitled for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing'. This is becoming more common on the DVD format. For example, Buena Vista (Disney, Touchstone, etc) uses the SDH symbol instead of the CC symbol. Actually, it's both captioned and subtitled for the deaf and hard of hearing but they don't use the CC symbol on it for some reasons.
Now we have two new high definition formats called HD-DVD (High Definition DVD) and BD (Blu-Ray Disc). Most of the HD-DVD/BD titles will not be captioned; instead they will be subtitled for the deaf and hard of hearing. They include everything they normally do with CC including sound descriptions. While some of these subtitles are not perfect, but the best SDH style I have come across so far is from Sony. A movie I watched recently, 'The Covenant', not a great movie but the picture quality was astounding. Anyway, Sony distributed the movie and the SDH style resembled the traditional CC style, which I was really pleased with. So far, Fox is the only one that puts the CC symbol on their BD packages. I don't know if it's really the traditional CC since the HDMI input on my HDTV has no CC option, which is why the high definition formats are using SDH instead. It's because a lot of HDTV displays lack captioning in these video inputs.
Now they even have digital closed captioning, which I haven't figured out yet. From what I know, it works only on the digital channels, so I'll have to fool around with that someday. If any of you people are knowledgeable about these digital closed captioning, feel free to leave a comment.
I encourage all of you to embrace the 'SDH' as it's the new captioning method for the high definition era.